- The Menstrual cycle is a feedback mechanism because it is regulated by hormones which are controlled by negative feedback mechanisms. This mechanism includes hormones that are interacted with tissues in the menstrual cycle.
The female menstrual cycle is determined by a complex interaction of hormones.
The predominant hormones involved in the menstrual cycle are
-gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH),
-follicle stimulating hormone (FSH),
-luteinizing hormone (LH),
-estrogen, and progesterone.
GnRH is secreted by the hypothalamus, the gonadotropins FSH and LH are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland,
and estrogen and progestin are secreted at the level of the ovary.
GnRH stimulates the release of LH and FSH from the anterior pituitary, which in turn stimulate release of estrogen and progestin at the level of the ovary
Follicle stimulated hormone (FSH) is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland and is essential for follicular growth
FSH induces estrogen and progesterone secretion and has negative feedback on GnRH secretion.
Estrogen is produced at the level of the ovary and is crucial for the development of and maturation of the Graafian follicle.
At low circulating levels, estrogens exert negative feedback on LH and FSH secretion; however, at very high levels estrogens exert positive feedback on LH and FSH secretion.
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