MidYearPaper2~Question 5 ~seseri

Diagram 5.1 shows microorganism P that attack a bacterium.

(a) i.What is microorganism P? [1 mark ]

(ii)What type of interaction between P and the bacterium? [ 1 m]
(iii) Explain the interaction that you mentioned in (a) (ii). [2m ]

(b)State one characteristics of organism P. [1m]

Siti lives in a flat area with clogged drainage and poor sanitary system. Unluckily last week she was down with fever. She had severe body pain and rashes over the body. She also experienced severe headaches and vomiting.The doctor discovered that she had been infected by microorganism Q that carried by the vector R as shown in Diagram 5.2.


(c) i. Name the microorganism Q. [1 m]
ii. Why the antibiotic cannot treat this disease? [2 m]
iii. After one week rest, Siti is recovered. State the type of immunity she obtained. [1m]
iv. Explain the immunity you mentioned in (b) (ii). [2 m]
(d)State one similarity between microorganism P and Q.

Suggested Answer:

a) i) bacteriophage
ii) parasitism
iii) It is a relationship in which virus benefits while the bacteria is harmed.
b) -virus is a non-living cell , cannot survive or reproduce on its own outside the cells of its host // all viruses are infectious; they must infect living cells to reproduce.

c) i) Dengue virus
ii) because virus did not have the metabolism that can interrupted by antibiotic.
iii) naturally acquired active immunity
iv) this immunity is obtained after a person is exposed to a pathogen, and he the pathogen stimulate an immune response that produces antibodies.

d) -They are virus / they are pathogenic / infectious / cause disease.

MidYearPaper2~Question 4 ~seseri

Table 1.1 shows a daily food intake by a teenager.
(a)(i)Suggest two health problems which the teenager could have if she continuously taking the above menu for a long time. [ 2 marks ]
(ii)Explain your answer in (a) (i).

(b)Diagram 4.1 shows a part of digestive system and Diagram 4.2 shows a process which occurs before the food enter organ B.
(i) Name the process which occurs. [1 m]

(ii)After the food enters B, state the content of the gastric juice that is secrected to help in the digestion. [2m]

(c) (i) A patient suffering from cancer of the organ B has a small part of it removed in an operation. What suitable advice would his dietician give him regarding his daily diet? [1m]
(ii)Explain your answer. [1m]

(d)(i)Besides the liver, what other organ is connected to the duodenum? [1m ]
(ii) What is produced by the organ you mentioned in (d)(i) to be seccreted into the duodenum? State its function. [2m ]

Suggested answer:

a) i) chronic heart disease/constipation. /obesity

ii) -Her diet contains large amounts of oil/cream/fat and it
causes arteriosclerosis / atherosclerosis / heart problem /
cardiovascular disease.

-Lack of fruit/vegetables / fibers leads to constipation.

b) i) peristalsis

ii) pepsin , rennin , HCL, mucus

c) i) The patient should eat more soft or liquid food which
contains less proteins / the patient should avoid a milk based
diet.

ii) Because the stomach less secreting pepsin and rennin which is responsible for the digestion of protein.

d) i) pancreas

ii) pancreatic juice
Function: contains pancreatic amylase, trypsin and lipase , protease, which involve in the digestion of starch, protein and lipid.

MidYearPaper2~Question 3 ~seseri

Diagram 3.1 shows the gaseous exchange system in an insect and respiratory structure of a unicellular organism such as Amoeba.

(a) i. Name the structures labelled P and R.[2 marks]
ii. What is the function of structure Q? [1 mark]
(b) i. State the substance that forms the ring at structure R. [1 mark]
ii. State the role of the ring. [1 mark]

(c) i. At the end of structure S, there is a type of substance that helps in gaseous exchange.
What is the substance? [ 1 mark ]
ii. Describe how this substance helps in the process of gaseous exchange in cells. [2 m ]
(d) Explain respiration in an unicellar organism such as the Amoeba and what makes
the process highly efficient? [ 4 m ]

Suggested Answer:

(a) (i) P : Spiracle
R : Trachea
(ii) Q controls the opening and closing of the spiracles

(b)(i) Chitin
(ii) To prevent the air tubes from collapsing

(c)(i) Tracheole fluid / fluid
(ii) P1 - Respiratory gases can dissolve in the fluid
P2 - before it diffuses into the body cells

(d) P1 - Concentration of oxygen is higher in the outside
environment compared to inside of cell
P2 - Oxygen diffuses into the cell by diffusion across the
plasma membrane
P3 - Concentration of carbon dioxide is higher in the
amoeba compared to the outside environment
P4 - Carbon dioxide diffuses out through the plasma
membrane by diffusion
P5 - Amoeba has a relatively large surface area as compared
to the volume of its body for diffusion of gases
P6 - Its plasma membrane is thin and

P7-constantly moist for rapid diffusion of gases.......................ANY 4 points..

MidYearPaper2~Question 2 ~seseri

(a) i. State the type of skeleton in an earthworm. [1m]
ii.What are the structures found on the ventral side of each segment of the earthworm that help in locomotion? [1 m]
iii.Name the two sets of muscles involved in the movement of an earthworm. [2 m]

(b) Diagram 2.1 shows locomotion in an earthworm

i. What happen to its body when the outer layer of muscles contract? [1 m]
ii. What happen to its body when the inner layer of muscles contract? [1m]
iii.Explain what happen at E. [3 m]

(c)i. State the type of skeleton in an insect. [ 1m]
ii. Explain the role of the long and powerful hind legs of a grasshopper during jumping. [ 2m ]

Suggested Answer:

(a) (i) Hydrostatic skeleton
(ii)Chaetae / bristles
(iii) P1 - Circular muscle
P2 - Longitudinal muscle

(b) i. Becomes longer / extended / segments become longer/ thinner and lengthened
ii. Segments bulge / shorten /thicker
iii. P1 - Circular muscles contract / outer layer contract
P2 - Longitudinal muscles relax / inner layer relax
P3 - Chaetae retracted / secure segment in the anterior to the ground.
P4- the body become thinner and lengthened
P5- its body will be extended forward

(c)i. Exoskeleton
ii. P1 - Flexor muscle in each femur contracts bringing the
tibia closer to the femur, into a Z position;
P2 - then, extensor muscles contract and propels the
grasshopper into the air

MidYearPaper2~Question 1 ~seseri

1. Diagram 1.1 and 1.2 show two different types of transport processes across the plasma membrane.
(a)Name the structure that involve in the process shown in Diagram 1.1 and 1.2 [1 m]
(b)Name each transport processes shown in Diagram 1.1 and 1.2. [2 m]
(c)Name and state the characteristics of the substances that can be transported across the plasma membrane as shown in Diagram 1.2 [2m]
(d)Explain the mechanism transport of substances across the plasma membrane as shown in Diagram 1.1 [3m]
(e)Compare and contrast the transport processes shown in Diagram 1.1 and 1.2. [4m]

Suggested Answer:

a) Carrier protein

b) Diagram: 1.1 Active transport

Diagram: 1.2 Passive transport/Facilitated Diffusion

c) Ions transported: Na+/HCO3+/K+/Ca 2+ / Glucose/Amino Acids
Name (any one of the ions or substances only) :
Characteristics : Bigger //large polar molecules OR

water, oxygen, carbon dioxide - small molecules

d) - The Na+ ion inside the cell attached themselves on the binding
sites of carrier protein

- ATP releasing phosphate and energy which is used to change
shape of the carrier protein

- The carrier protein releasing Na+ outside the cell

e)

Any 1 mark for similarity and any 3 marks for differences.

TIPS: Compare means Similarities and Differences please!!!