...such as Albinism and Sickle Cell Anaemia:
Albinism (from Latin albus, meaning "white"),
-a disorder, characterized by a lack of pigment in the eyes, skin and hair (or more rarely the eyes alone).
-Albinism results from inheritance of recessive genes.
-Albinism is a genetic disorder; it is not an infectious disease and cannot be transmitted through contact, blood transfusions, etc.
-The principal gene which results in albinism prevents the body from making the usual amounts of the pigment melanin.
-Most forms of albinism are the result of the biological inheritance of genetically recessive alleles (genes) passed from both parents of an individual, though some rare forms are inherited from only one parent.
-There are other genetic mutations which are proven to be associated with albinism.
-For nearly all types of albinism both parents must carry an albinism gene to have a child with albinism.
-Because the body has two sets of genes,a person may have normal pigmentation but carry the albinism gene.
-If a person has one gene for normal pigmentation and one gene for albinism, he or she will have enough genetic information to make normal pigment.
-The albinism gene is "recessive" — it does not result in albinism unless a person has two copies of the gene for albinism and no copy of the gene that makes normal pigment.
-When both parents carry the gene, and neither parent has albinism, there is a one in four chance at each pregnancy that the baby will be born with albinism.
-This type of inheritance is called autosomal recessive inheritance.
Refer your Reference Book as how to write the genetic chart correctly....Make sure do not use XX and XY because it does not involve sex chromosome!!
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