The kidneys, organs with several functions, serve essential regulatory roles in most animals, including vertebrates and some invertebrates.
They are essential in the urinary system and also serve homeostatic functions.
They serve the body as a natural filter of theblood, and remove wastes which are diverted to the urinary bladder.
In producing urine, the kidneys excrete wastes such as urea andammonium;
the kidneys also are responsible for the reabsorption of water, glucose, and amino acids.
The kidneys also produce hormonesincluding calcitriol, renin, and erythropoietin.
Located at the rear of the abdominal cavity ,the kidneys receive blood from the paired renal arteries, and drain into the paired renal veins.
Each kidney excretes urine into a ureter, itself a paired structure that empties into the urinary bladder.
Resting on top of each kidney is an adrenal gland.
Each adult kidney weighs between 125 and 170 grams in males and between 115 and 155 grams in females.
The left kidney is typically slightly larger than the right.
The kidney has a bean-shaped structure, each kidney has concave and convex surfaces.
The kidney is approximately 11–14 cm in length, 6 cm wide and 4 cm thick.
**Courtesy frm Wikipedia.TQ.
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