Question 2
When a boy drinks too much water, the osmotic pressure of blood will fall below normal level. Under such condition, the hypothalamus will not be stimulated and less antideuratic hormone (ADH) will be produced. Less water will be reabsorbed and most of the water is allowed to pass out through urine.
Design a laboratory experiment to determine the urine volume released by a student who drinks different volume of mineral water.
The planning of your experimental must include the following aspects:
· Problem statement
· Aim of investigation
· Hypothesis
· Variables
· List of apparatus and materials
· Technique used
· Experimental procedures or methods
· Presentation of data
· Conclusion
[17 marks]
Conclusion:
If more water is taken, more urine will be released. Hypothesis is accepted.
When a boy drinks too much water, the osmotic pressure of blood will fall below normal level. Under such condition, the hypothalamus will not be stimulated and less antideuratic hormone (ADH) will be produced. Less water will be reabsorbed and most of the water is allowed to pass out through urine.
Design a laboratory experiment to determine the urine volume released by a student who drinks different volume of mineral water.
The planning of your experimental must include the following aspects:
· Problem statement
· Aim of investigation
· Hypothesis
· Variables
· List of apparatus and materials
· Technique used
· Experimental procedures or methods
· Presentation of data
· Conclusion
[17 marks]
SAMPLE ANSWER:
Aim : To study the effect of drinking different volumes of water on urine output
Problem statement: What is the effect of water intake on urine output?
Hypothesis : If more water is taken, more urine will be released
Problem statement: What is the effect of water intake on urine output?
Hypothesis : If more water is taken, more urine will be released
Variables :
Manipulated variable: Volume of water
Responding variable: Volume of urine released
Constant variable: Same student/ same environment
Apparatus and Materials: Beakers, cup/mug, measuring cylinder, stop watch ,Drinking water
Specimen : Boy/ girl/ a student
Technique : Measuring and recording the volume of urine released by using a measuring cylinder
Manipulated variable: Volume of water
Responding variable: Volume of urine released
Constant variable: Same student/ same environment
Apparatus and Materials: Beakers, cup/mug, measuring cylinder, stop watch ,Drinking water
Specimen : Boy/ girl/ a student
Technique : Measuring and recording the volume of urine released by using a measuring cylinder
Procedure:
1. A student i(Sample A) is chosen and instructed to empty his bladders before the start of the experiment
2. Measure 200ml of water and put it into the mug
3 A student(Sample A) is given 200ml of mineral/drinking water to drink
4 A stop watch is started immediately after consuming the water.
5 During the experiment, he is kept in (any fixed suitable room) within* 1-2 hours(any suitable time range)
6 He is instructed not to eat or perform any vigorous physical activities (within the given time)
7 After half an hour, he is asked to empty his bladder.
8 The collected urine is kept in a large beaker
9 At the interval of half an hour, until two hours , a student will empty his bladder.
10 After two hours, the total collected urine is measured using measuring cylinder
11 Repeat step 2 – 9 for different amount of drinking water ( 400 ml, 600ml, 800ml, 1000ml)
* Accept four readings and more
12 Step 7 is conducted for four consecutive days in a fixed time and place
13 Dispose the measured urine properly
14 Measure and record data collected into a table/
Plot a graph of urine output against the water intake is plotted.
Results:
1. A student i(Sample A) is chosen and instructed to empty his bladders before the start of the experiment
2. Measure 200ml of water and put it into the mug
3 A student(Sample A) is given 200ml of mineral/drinking water to drink
4 A stop watch is started immediately after consuming the water.
5 During the experiment, he is kept in (any fixed suitable room) within* 1-2 hours(any suitable time range)
6 He is instructed not to eat or perform any vigorous physical activities (within the given time)
7 After half an hour, he is asked to empty his bladder.
8 The collected urine is kept in a large beaker
9 At the interval of half an hour, until two hours , a student will empty his bladder.
10 After two hours, the total collected urine is measured using measuring cylinder
11 Repeat step 2 – 9 for different amount of drinking water ( 400 ml, 600ml, 800ml, 1000ml)
* Accept four readings and more
12 Step 7 is conducted for four consecutive days in a fixed time and place
13 Dispose the measured urine properly
14 Measure and record data collected into a table/
Plot a graph of urine output against the water intake is plotted.
Results:
Conclusion:If more water is taken, more urine will be released. Hypothesis is accepted.
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